Pamphlet on the Side Effects of Anesthesia and Local Anesthetics
1- Possible Respiratory System Complications
A) Upper Respiratory Tract
- Nose (wounds – bleeding)
- Lips (wounds – tears – swelling)
- Teeth (loosening – breaking – dislodging)
- Tongue (tears – bleeding – swelling)
- Oral Cavity (swelling – wounds – tears)
- Throat and Larynx (hoarseness – swelling – bleeding)
- Trachea (swelling – bleeding – tears)
- Complications from Difficult Intubation
- Failure to Intubate Leading to Oxygen Deficiency and Suffocation
B) Lower Respiratory Tract
- Bleeding
- Airway Tears
- Aspiration of Blood and Stomach Contents into the Lungs
- Foreign Object Aspiration (e.g., teeth) into the Lungs
- Pneumonia
- Ventilation Difficulties
- Post-Anesthesia Coughing – Hiccups
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Lung Alveolar Rupture
- Lung Collapse (Atelectasis)
- Air Accumulation in the Chest Cavity (Pneumothorax)
- Fluid or Blood Accumulation in the Pleural Cavity
- Subcutaneous Emphysema (Air Under the Skin)
2- Cardiovascular Complications
- Irregular Heartbeat
- Low Blood Pressure
- Excessively High Blood Pressure
- Heart Attack
- Air Embolism
- Fat Embolism
- Blood Clot Embolism
- Cardiac Arrest
- Death
3- Complications Due to Patient Positioning During Surgery
- Prone Position (Lying on the Stomach)
- Knees-to-Chest Position
- Side-Lying Position
- Head-Down Position
- Supine Position (Lying on the Back)
- Head and Neck Injuries
4- Digestive System Complications
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Hiccups
- Bleeding from Mouth to Stomach
- Defecation Disorders
5- Nervous System Complications
A) Central Nervous System
- Brain Oxygen Deficiency and Related Complications
- Brain Hemorrhage
- Seizures
- Stroke
- Brain Swelling
- Decreased Consciousness
- Vegetative State
- Brain Death
- Peripheral Nerve Damage in Upper and Lower Limbs
B) Peripheral Nervous System Complications Due to Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia
- Allergic Reaction to Anesthetic Drug
- Drop in Blood Pressure
- Excessive Spread of Anesthesia
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Headache and Back Pain
- Sensory Loss
- Motor Impairment
- Temporary Limb Paralysis
- Permanent Limb Paralysis
6- Drug Allergy Complications
- Anaphylactic Shock
7- Drug Interaction Complications
8- Miscellaneous Complications
- Eye Complications (Dry Eyes, Corneal Ulcers)
- Hearing Complications
- Urinary and Reproductive System Complications (Urinary Retention)
- Malignant Hyperthermia
Wishing You a Speedy Recovery
Farvardin Surgery Center